SERBUK GERGAJI SEBAGAI ALTERNATIF BIOBUTANOL DENGAN PROSES HIDROLISIS SELULASE DAN FERMENTASI BAKTERI Clostridium acetobutylicum

Abstract

Biobutanol is a type of C-4 bond alcohol (C4H9OH) made from biomass. This research was conducted by utilizing wood waste produced from the sawmill process containing cellulose (55%), hemicellulose (14%), and lignin (21%). Biobutanol is produced by hydrolysis of cellulase enzymes and bacterial fermentation of Clostridium acetobutylicum. The variables in this study were the addition of cellulase enzymes in the hydrolysis process (addition of enzymes or without the addition of enzymes), the initial pH of the fermentation process (5 or 7) and the amount of addition of starter Clostridium acetobutylicum (5 or 10 ml) with variations in the length of the fermentation process 2,4 ,6,8,10,12 days. The parameters in this study were the analysis of cellulose content, reduced sugar, and butanol content. Based on the research results, it is known that the hydrolysis process with the addition of cellulase enzymes, the initial condition of fermentation is pH 5 and the addition of 10 ml of Clostridium acetobutylicum bacteria inoculum with a fermentation time of 12 days is the most effective condition to produce the highest butanol content of 50 grams of sawdust waste. The highest butanol content was 1.88% from 1 L of fermented sample injected into gas chromatography.